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This paper takes up ongoing discussions on the inequality of educational opportunities and formulates a conceptual model to link separate lines of research. Our particular focus is on combining motivational and structural approaches into a mediation model that explains differences in academic achievement. In the literature, four main mechanisms of social reproduction are discussed. Two main pathways refer to (1) parents’ expectations regarding their children’s academic success and (2) replicating cultural capital through intra‐familial cultural practices. (3) Parents’ perception of children’s abilities depends on social position and is influential for expectations of success. (4) For all three pathways, we expect effects on students’ motivational characteristics, which in turn influence academic achievement. We test our conceptual model by structural equation modelling using longitudinal data from primary school students in Germany. Empirical evidence is in line with the assumptions in the model. Cultural reproduction and expectations of success can be seen as the key components of the model. However, both chains of reproduction are related to each other by parents’ perception of child’s ability, and their effects are mediated by child’s motivational characteristics.
This paper takes up ongoing discussions on the inequality of educational opportunities and formulates a conceptual model to link separate lines of research. Our particular focus is on combining motivational and structural approaches into a mediation model that explains differences in academic achievement. In the literature, four main mechanisms of social reproduction are discussed. Two main pathways refer to (1) parents’ expectations regarding their children’s academic success and (2) replicating cultural capital through intra‐familial cultural practices. (3) Parents’ perception of children’s abilities depends on social position and is influential for expectations of success. (4) For all three pathways, we expect effects on students’ motivational characteristics, which in turn influence academic achievement. We test our conceptual model by structural equation modelling using longitudinal data from primary school students in Germany. Empirical evidence is in line with the assumptions in the model. Cultural reproduction and expectations of success can be seen as the key components of the model. However, both chains of reproduction are related to each other by parents’ perception of child’s ability, and their effects are mediated by child’s motivational characteristics.
Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie entwickelten Kramer et al. (2009) eine Typologie des Schülerhabitus, die an die Arbeiten von Bourdieu anknüpft und auf die Analyse der Reproduktion sozialer Ungleichheit im Bildungsbereich abzielt.In quantitativen Untersuchungen blieb dieser Ansatz bislang jedoch weitgehend unberücksichtigt. Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag versuchen wir eine Verbindung herzustellen und formulieren mithilfe von Daten des Nationalen Bildungspanels einen Vorschlag für eine quantitative Abbildung des Schülerhabituskonzepts. In einer Reihe von Latent-Class-Analysen mit ausgewählten Variablen zeigte sich, dass es sowohl formal geeignete als auch inhaltlich sinnvoll interpretierbare Lösungen gibt, die verschiedene Schülerhabitustypen beschreiben und zudem Zusammenhänge mit weiteren ungleichheitsrelevanten Merkmalen aufweisen. Daneben werden aber auch die Grenzen einer solchen Analytik deutlich, die sich aus der anspruchsvollen Hintergrundtheorie und der Breite der Indikatoren ergibt.